Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names. N & O

The algal genus Naccaria Endlicher, 1836 is named for the Italian philosopher, librarian and natural history professor Fortunato Luigi Naccari, (6 Feb. - Chioggia) 1793-1860 (3 Mar. - Padua) who i.a. published on algae. Also the fish name Acipencer naccarii Bonaparte, 1836 is named for him..

Lacking information about Nacel in the bivalve name Xyloredo naceli Turner, 1972.

Mitra nadayaoi Bozzetti 1997 is named for Mr. Daniel Nadayao, 19??-, who collected it's types.

Lacking information about Nadia in the Red Sea polyclade name Stylochoplana nadiae (Melouk, 1941).

Georgii Adamovich Nadson, 1867-1939, Russian cryptogam botanist, is honoured in the green algal name Ulvella nadsonii (Rochlina) Gallardo & al.

Adolf Naef, (1 May) 1883-1949 (11 May), zoologist and palaeontologist of Swiss origin, working on Cephalopoda. He had studied under Arnold Lang (q.v.) in Zürich. PhD in Jena in 1909. Worked in Zürich from 1915, became Prof. in Zagreb in 1922, in Kairo in 1927.

Lacking information about Nag in the tanaid name Apseudes nagae Shiino, 1963.

Lacking information about the Japanese crab researcher Seiji Nagai, 19??-, in the crab name Dicranodromia nagaii Guinot, 1995.

Sachiko Nagasawa, 1942-, Japanese researcher, who works on epibionts of e.g. copepods. The namesake Kazuya Nagasawa, 19??-, is a parasitologisst.

Lacking information about the Egyptian? Hussein Foad Nagaty, 1903-, who published on helminths from Red Sea fishes during the 1940s and at least until the beginning of the 1960s, in the digenean name Paragyliauchen nagatyi Rizk, Tanha & El-Rahman, 1996.

Lacking information about Nagibin in the monogenean name Diplectanum nagibinae Oliver & Paprena, 1984.

J.S. Nagle, 19??-, from Texas?, published on epibiota of macroepibenthic plants in 1968 [Rudilemboides naglei Bousfield, 1973]. Nagle collected amphipods for Bousfield in the Hadley Harbor region.

The monogenean name Gyrodactylus najdenovai Malmberg, 1970 was named for Nonna N. Najdenova, 1938-, who worked at the Insdtitute of Biology of the Southern Seas, Sevastopol, in 1962-2001. She named the nematode Spinitectus tamari Najdjenova, 1966 in honour of her mother, Tamara (although correctly the name form should be tamarae) (Prof. Albina V. Gaevskaya kindly provided this information).

The Japanese Professor of Botany, Takenos(h)in Nakai, 1882-1952, is possibly honoured in the harpacticoid name Attheyella nakaii Brehm, 1927 or possibly Zinziro Nakai, 1901-84, who worked on distribution and chemical composition of copepods.

Masao Nakamura, 18??-19??, Japanese naturalist [Chloea nakamurae Jordan & Richardson, 1907]. The Japanese naturalist Kiyoo Nakamura, 1855-1930, is a namesake.

Prof. Yositeru Nakamura, 1910-94, red algae taxonomist in Hokkaido, Japan.

Niso nakayasui Habe, 1976 was named for Mr. Kiyoshi Nakayasu, 19??-, as was likely the gastropod name Benthovoluta nakayasui Habe, 1976.

Lacking information about Namikawa in the isopod name Pentias namikawai Nanomura, 2006. A well reputed Hydrozoan and Octocoral researcher is Dr. Hiroshi Namikawa, 19??-, of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, but isopods is possibly not the animal group, which he prefers best.

Nancy (in bivalve names) : see Plumb.

Lacking information about Nani in the hagfish name Eptatretus nanii Wisner & McMillan, 1988.

Nansen : (see G.O. Sars).

Charles de Nansouty, 1815-95, French soldier & Malacologist.

Neolineus narchi Santos 1974 is honouring  Walter Narchi, 1929-2004, Brazilian malacologist. (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided this information).

Giovanni Domenico (Giandomenico) Nardo, (4 Mar. - Chioggia) 1802-77 (7 Apr. - Venetzia), Italian physician and naturalist, who during some years was assistant to Renier (q.v.) in Padua [Odostomia nardoi Brusina, 1869].

Sir George Strong Nares, (24 Apr. - Llansenseld, close to Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, Wales) 1831-1915 (15 Jan. - Surbiton), English naval officer, oceanographer and polar researcher, Commander on the "Challenger" expedition (1872-76). Was also the leader of the "Alert" and "Discovery" expedition towards the north pole west of Greenland in 1875-76, but failed to reach this goal [Urechinus naresianus A. Agassiz, 1881, Lophiodes naresi (Günther, 1880)].

Lacking information about Narriman in the gastropod name Narrimania Taviani, 1984.

Lacking information about Nasu in the gastropod name Conus nasui S. Kosuge, 1971.

Prof. Alfred Gabriel Nathorst, (7 Nov. - Bergshammars Socken outside Nyköping) 1850-1921 (20 Jan. - Stockholm), Swedish geologist, botanist and polar researcher at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (where he was curator of the fossil herbs dep.) [Leucon nathorstii Ohlin, 1901, Nematostella nathorstii (Carlgren, 1921)].

Lacking information about Natland in the gastropod name Hemitoma natlandi Durham, 1950.

Johann Natterer, 1787-1843, made collecting expeditions for the Wien (Vienna) Museum in Brazil between 1817-36. His brother Joseph Natterer, 1786-1852, had similar interests and the brothers were curators at the Natural History Collections in Wien (Vienna). They were sons of an imperial falconeer with the same name as his oldest son.

Lacking information about Naumann in the red algal name Porphyra naumannii (Askenasy) Askenasy. Possibly a tribute to the mineralogist Karl Friedrich Naumann, 1797-1873, from Köthen, professor of Crystallography in Freiburg or possibly his son the naturalist Edmund Naumann, 1821-98, or his father, the ornithologist Johann Andreas Naumann, 1744-1826?

Donat Vladimirovitch Naumov, (Leningrad) 1921-84, Russian cnidariologist. Director of the Zoological Museum in Leningrad (now again St Petersburg) 1961-84 [Bonneviella naumovi Antsulevich & Regel, 1986, Rosalinda naumovi Antsulevich & Stepanjants, 1985, Scoloplos (Leodamas) naumovi Averincev, 1982, Naumovia Stepanjants, Pena Cantero, Sheiko & Svoboda, 1997].

Lacking information about Navarette in the gastropod name Odostomia navarettei Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1928.

Ignacio Navarro, 19??-, of Vigo, Spanish shell collector [Conus navarroi Rolán, 1986].

The coral name Acropora navini Veron, 2002 is in honour of Kim Francis Navin. (12 Sep.) 1954-, in recognition of his help with the work "Corals of the World".

Lacking information about Navorro in the foraminiferan name Cruciloculina navorroi.

Lacking information about Neal in the copepod name Chondracanthus neali Leigh-Sharpe, 1930.

John William Neale, 1926-, British ostracodologist and palaeontologist, at the dept. of Geology , Univ. of Hull [Paradoxostoma nealei Horne & Whittaker, 1985].

Marie Catherine Neal, 1889-1965, botanist who found the first specimens of Elysia nealae Østergaard, 1955 at Waikiki in 1923.

Needler : (See Berkeley & Arai).

Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck, (14 Feb. - Schloss Reichenberg) 1776-1858 (16 Mar.), South Preussian botanical systematist, who wrote well-made floras of the Cape Land and Brazil, but also interested himself in mosses, fungi and algae. He was a professor in Bonn, later Breslau. He succesively developed a romantic, eventually ultraradical natural philosophy, inspired by Schelling and Goethe; his enthusiasm for reformation of the church, free marriages (which he applied himself), etcetera, suffered him dismissal and a decease in destitution, only followed to his grave by the workers union in Breslau, for which he had been chairman. Anders Sandøe Ørsted did not explain the taxon names, which he described, so the connection between name and person for Paranemertes neesi (Örsted,1843) should be seen as a good guess in lack of other candidates. Considering Ørsted's social position, with one uncle as celebrated physicist, another as prime minister, the paying of honour to a rabid radical may seem strange, but this happened before Nees became a social Paria and Ørsted's interest in botany was later on manifested in a professorship in this science and the other possible candidate, Nees von Esenbeck's younger brother, Theodor Friedrich Ludwig Nees von Esenbeck, 1787-1837, was likely too much of a pure botanist, interested in medical properties of plants, to be honoured in a marine invertebrate name.

The British naturalist J.T. Neeve, 18??-1???, is honoured in the red algal genus name Neevea Batters.

The Kinetoplastid flounder parasite Cryptobia neghmei Khan & al, 2001 is in honour of Prof. Amador Neghme Rodríguez, (Huara) 1912-87 (26 July - Santiago), "in recognition of his contributions to parasitology in Chile".

Dr. Patrick Neill, 1776-1851, British naturalist, who i.a. published on a tour to the Orkneys and Shetlands and wrote a biographical sketch on Linnaeus.

E. Neizwestnowa- Shadina, 1???-19??, wrote in 1935 an article about rheophilic (Gr. rheo = flow, rheos = stream) microbenthic organisms [Rheomorpha neizvestnovae (Lastochkin, 1935)].

Lacking information about B. Nelli, 18??-19??, in the zoanthid name Protopalythoa nelliae Pax. Nelli published in Italian about fossil Anthozoa in 1903.

The amphipod name Liropus nelsonae Guerra-Garcia, 2003 is named for Elizabeth Harrison-Nelson, 19??-, assistent at the Crustacean dept. at Smithsonian Institution, Washington, and a good helper of all guests working there. (Prof. Wim Vader, Tromsø, kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Nelson in the hagfish name Quadratus nelsoni (Kuo, Huang & Mok ,1994).

Nelson : (see also Annandale & see Terra Nova expedition, 1910-).

Patricia Nelson Ware, 19??, was the first person to collect Conus patae Abbott, 1971.

Dr. Francisco Nemenzo Sr., 19??-19?? (named the late in 1997), the father of Philippine coral taxonomy, publishing about such creatures between 1955-88 (and father of Dr. Francisco "Dodong" Nemenzo Jr., the left wing political scientist)

Mr. Laszlo Nemeth, 19??-, Hungarian malacologist [Roseniella nemethi].

Dr. Takahisa Nemoto, (28 Oct. - Tokyo) 1930-90 (22 Aug. (pulmonary cancer)), Japanese biological oceanographer working on copepods and euphasiids as food for whales.

Valeria Neppi, 18??-19??, published on hydromeduseae i.a. together with Stiasny (q.v.), but published e.g. "I Sifonofori dei Golfo di Napoli" on her own in 1921 [the flatworm genus Neppia Ball, 1974].

Eugen Neresheimer, 1876-19??, Austrian-Jewish assistant secretary, fisheries science expert and poet, interested in parasitic copepods and protozoans, however chiefly in fresh water, although also publishing on Mesozoans, when active in München (Munich) during the first years of the 20:th century.

Monsieur Ferdinand de Nerville, 1858-1931, "ingénieur des télégraphe", shell collector who collected shells in the Gulf of Gabés, when placing telegraph wires [Littorina nervillei Dautzenberg].

Dr. Kir Nazimovich Nesis, (9 Jan. - Moscow) 1934-2003 (8 Jan.), Russian hydrobiologist and well-known cephalopod specialist at the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mocow [Kirnasia (from Kir Nasimovich) nesisi Burukovsky, 1988, Cholidyella nesisi Avdeev, 1986, Heterocarpus nesisi Burukovsky, 1986, Amigdoscalpellum nesisi (Zevina, 1972), Asperoteuthis nesisi Arkhipkin & Laptikhovsky, 2008]. Some older "nesis" names like Nesis Mulsant, 1850 (Insecta Coleoptera), Nesis Stael, 1860 (Insecta Hemiptera), Nesis Conrad, 1871 (Mollusca) and Nesis Locard, 1899 (Mollusca) were of course not named after him but after a tiny volcanic island near Naples, Italy (Nesis in Greek is - "small island") (as kindly remarked from Dr. Nesis himself, less than a year before he sorrily passed away on his way home from work).

Lacking information about T. Nestares in the gastropod name Alvania nestaresi Oliveiro & Amati, 1990.

Lacking information about Netsik in the nematode name Phocascaris netsiki Lyster, 1940.

Heinrich Hans Neuenhaus, 1875-1945, German Malacologist.

The spåonge name Pozziella neuhausi Diaz-Agras, 2008 is in honour of Dr. Birger Neuhaus, 19??-, (Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin), who collected the specimens on board the RV Sonne and provided them to authors for this study. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Neumayer in the echinoderm name Sterechinus neumayeri (Meissner), but it may likely be Georg Balthasar von Neumayer, 1826-1909, German geophysicist and meteorologist, hardly Melchior Neumayr, 1845-90, German palaeontologist, (because the spelling is different).

Lacking information about Neupokoev in the isopod name Tytthocope neupokoevi (Gurjanova, 1946).

Wim Hendrik Neuteboom, 1920-2000, Dutch Malacologist.

Antonio Neviani, 1857-19??, Italian bryozoologist, who published at least between 1896-1939 [Nevianipora Borg, 1944].

Mr. Geoffrey Nevill, 18??-1885, of the Indian Museum, Calcutta . Before settling in Calcutta, he had collected shells at Mauritius, the Isle of Bourbon, and the Seychelles, some of which were described by H. Adams in 1868 [Bathybembix nevilli E.A. Smith, 1906]. His brother Hugh Nevill was also a shell collector and an auction of his collection was held May 10 1904. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly provided the year of decease).

The gastropod name Gregorioiscala nevillei E.F. Garcia, 2003 is honouring Bruce Neville, 1955-, Albuquerque, New Mexico, who is working on wentletraps and i.a. has published on such creatures together with Art Weil (q.v.) and Lenny Brown (q.v.).

Wesley Newcomb, 1818 (or 1808?)-92 (26 Jan.), US physician and amateur conchologist, mainly interested in land molluscs. Practised medicine in Albany, New York. Curator, Cornell Museum, 1870-88 [Mitra newcombii Pease, 1896, Ischnochiton newcombi H. F. Carpenter in H. A. Pilsbry, 1892, Algamorda newcombiana (Hemphill, 1876), Scabricola newcombii (Pease, 1869), Amygdalum newcombi W. H. Dall, P. Bartsch & H. A. Rehder, 1938].

Dr. Charles Fredéric Newcombe, 1851-1924, added much to the knowledge of the fauna of British Columbia [Rissoina newcombei Dall, 1897, Kurtziella newcombei (Dall, 1919), Turbonilla newcombi Dall & Bartsch, 1907, Cadulus newcombei H. A. Pilsbry & Sharp, 1898].

The cowry name Staphylaea limacina clarissa Lorenz, 1989 is in honour of Clarissa Newman, 1886-1977, Vice President of the International Council of Women.

The flatworm name Maritigrella newmanae Bolaños, . Quiroga & Litvaitis, 2007 is named in honor of Dr. Leslie Newman, 19??-, who described the genus Maritigrella. She is Research Associate in the School of Environmental Science & Management at Southern Cross University in New South Wales, Australia. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

Irwin Mayer Newell, (NW Pacific coast of USA) 1916-79 (2 July - Riverside), PhD at Yale Univ. in 1945, published e.g. in 1947 "A Systematic and Ecological Study of the Halacaridae of Eastern North America". After a year as Research Associate at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, he and his wife moved back to the northwest. He was Assistant Professor of Biology and Associate Entomologist at the University of Oregon from 1946 to 1948; from 1948 to 1953, he was Associate Professor of Entomology and Associate Entomologist at the University of Hawaii. In 1954, he became one of the original staff of the Division of Life Sciences (later the Department of Biology) when undergraduate instruction began in the new College of Letters and Science at Riverside [Atelopsalis newelli Bartsch, 1973]. (more info).

Prof. William Anderson Newman, (13 Nov. - San Francisco) 1927-, Univ. of California, Berkeley, later Prof. at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, cirriped researcher [Newmaniverruca ??,19??, Newmanella Ross, 1969, Newmania Anders, 1992, Newmanilepas Zevina & Yakhontova, 1987, Acasta newmani Van Syoc & Winther, 1999, Cryptophialus newmani Tomlinson, 1969, Utinomia newmani Tomlinson, 1963] (The Director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Library, Peter Brueggeman, kindly provided the information about Newman's recent position and his date).

Lacking information about Newman in the gymnamoeba name Gibbodiscus newmani Sawyer, 1975.

The ostracod name Cypridopsis newtoni Brady & Robertson, 1870 may possibly honour the British malacologist Richard Bullen Newton, 1854-1926, or possibly the British zoologist and ornithologist Alfred Newton, 1829-1907,?

Lacking information about Nezum? in the monogenean names Macrouridophora nezumiae (Munroe, Campbell & Zwerner, 1981) and Polycliphora nezumiae Lambert & Euzet, 1980.

Prof. Peter Ng Kee Lin, 1960-, decapod researcher at the School of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, director of the Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, is honoured in the crab name Harrovia ngi Chen & Xu, 1992.

Lacking information about Thalassinidea researcher Dr. Nguyen Ngoc-Ho, 19??-, at the MNHN, Paris, in the Callianassid name Callianassa ngochoae Sakai, 1999.

Lacking information about Nichofi in the banded eagle ray name Aetomylaeus nichofii (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).

Dr. Aubrey Gordon Nicholls, (21 Nov.) 1904-86 (14 July), was a member of the famous Calanus-trio of Marshall (q.v.), Nicholls, and Orr (q.v.). His early work took him between the Plymouth and Millport labs, but before WWII he left for Australia where he continued his fine and numerous taxonomic works on copepods of all kinds. He worked for the Australian and Tasmanian fisheries; he retired in Tasmania. He left his library to Monash University, Victoria. He is memorialized by the names of 11 copepod species [Eucyclops nichollsi Brehm, 1950, Amphiascoides nichollsi Lang, 1965, Leptastacus nichollsi Krishnaswamy, 1951, Peltidium nichollsi Geddes, 1968, Parapeltidium nichollsi Ummerkutty, 1970, Entomopsyllus nichollsi McKinnon, 1988 ]. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided this information).

The flatworm name Prudhoeus nicholsi Bray & Gibson, 1980 is a tribute to Mr John H. Nichols, 19??-, fisheries scientist, MAFF Lab. Lowestoft and the copepod name Telson nicholsi Causey, 1960 may possibly honour the same person? (Dr. Rod Bray kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Nichols in the gastropod name Bittium nicholsi Bartsch, 1911, but possiply George Elwood Nichols, (12 Apr.) 1882-1939 (20 June), who was president of the Ecological Society of America during 1932, may be the honoured person.

The shrimp name Hippolyte nicholsoni Chace, 1972 is named for Desmond V. Nicholson, (July) 1925-, English Harbour, Antigua, retired Museum Director at Nelson's Dockyard Museum, who in Sep. 2005 found the Internet question about who the honouree in this eponym could be, and after that kindly sent the following message: "In 1956 & 1958, I was in command of the schooner "Freelance", which the Smithsonian had chartered for the two Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean Expeditions under Dr. Waldo Schmidt. Descriptions of these expeditions were published under Smithsonian pubs # 4285 & 4366, 1957 and 1959. At this time, masks and snorkels were rarely used and were certainly not used by the scientists in collecting marine organisms on these expeditions. So you can understand by using mine, I was quite a 'star' disappearing underwater and turning up with exciting finds. One of the most interesting was the observation of decapods living amongst the nematocysts of sea anemonies in a commensal relationship. As I remember, H. nicholsoni was collected in a small handnet from a violet seafan gorgonian off the Hammond house on Nonsuch Bay, Antigua". He later added "I am very tall at 6ft 3 ins; goodness knows why they ever used my name for a SHRIMP!"

Dr. Lois Nickell, 1965-, University Marine Biological Station, Millport, Scotland, later Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban , Argyll, Scotland, collected type material at Tobago of Neocallichirus nickellae Manning, 1993.

Patella nicklesi F. Nordsieck, 1975, Aequipecten nicklesi Dijkstra 1998, Ischnochiton nicklesi P. Kaas & R. A. Van Belle, 1990 and Gadila nicklesi (Dell, 1964) were named for Maurice Nicklès, 19??-, French malacologist, active during the mid part of the 20:th century.

Lacking information about Nicol in the foraminiferan name Rectuvigerina nicoli Mathews, 1945. Possibly E.A.T. Nicol, who in J.M.B.A.U.K. published on the feeding habits of Galatheidae in 1932?

Lacking information about Nicol in the gastropod name Borsonella nicoli Dall, 1919.

Nicolai : (see Knipovitsch).

Opalia cerigottana nicolayi F. Nordsieck, 1974 and Anachis nicolayi F. Nordsieck, 1974 is honouring Mrs. Kety Nicolay (Catherine Nicolaidou), Italian collector borne in Greece and editor of La Conchiglia. (See also Angioy) [Zoila marginata ketyana (Raybaudi, 1978), possibly Prolixodens nicolayae Jay & Drivas, 2002].

Lacking information about Nicolay in the gastropod name Ocenebra nicolayi T. A. di Monterosato, 1884.

Who is Nicole in the nematode name Neochromadora nicolae Vincx, 1986?

Lacking data about Dr. William Nicoll, 18??-19??, British helminthologist [Pellamyzon nicolli (Issaitscikow, 1928), Paravortex nicolli Szidat, 1965 ('turbellaria')]. (Prof. Albina Gaevskaja, Sevastopol, kindly added the last eponym and mentioned that he was working in Plymouth and published some papers on trematodes of marine fishes). A person bearing this name, possibly the same man, born 1882, is mentioned as bacteriologist.

Carsten Niebuhr : (see Forskål).

Niel : (see Niel Bruce).

Claus Nielsen, 1938-, Danish entoproctologist interested in phylogeny within the zoological kingdom [Prionospio nielseni Hylleberg & Nateewathana, 1991].

The late Mr. Tom Nielsen, 19??-86, a noted trawler fisherman and amateur malacologist from Yeppoon, Qld. [Graptcame nielseni Lamprell & Healey, 1998].

Lacking information about Nielsen in the cephalopod name Octopoteuthis nielseni Robson, 1948.

Lacking information about Nielsen in the gastropod name Conus nielsenae Marsh, 1962

Hugo Frederik Nierstrasz, (30 June - Rotterdam) 1872-1937 (17 Apr.), was assistent of Weber (q.v.) at the Amsterdam University and took (as a student recommended by his teacher in Utrecht Hubrecht (q.v.)) part in the Siboga expedition 1899-1900. He became a specialist in marine isopods and was lecturer 1904-10, later professor 1910-37 of Zoology at the Utrecht University (succeding his former teacher Hubrecht and also becoming Rector Magnificus of this University) [Argeia nierstraszi Shiino, 1958, Parabopyrella nierstraszi (Chopra, 1930), Paracepon nierstraszi Pillai, 1954, Loxothylacus nierstraszi Boschma, 1938, Octolasmis nierstraszi (Hoek, 1907), Psammocora nierstrazi Van der Horst, 1921, Leptochiton nierstraszi Leloup, 1981, Dichelaspis nierstraszi Hoek, Acanthochites nierstraszi Thiele, Hypomenia nierstraszi Lummel, 1930, Hapalochlaena nierstraszi (Adam, 1938)]. An exact namesake, living between (30 Oct. - Utrecht) 1904-2000, was also a zoologist and these namesakes were father and son, because H.F. Nierstrasz sr. had married a 5 years younger girl, Bernhardina Cornelia, on 21 Aug. 1902 and they got one daughter in 1903 and two twin sons the following year, who both became Dr.:s and lived long (became 92 resp. 95 years old).

Prof. Edward Feliks Lubicz-Niezabitowski, 1875-1946, Rektor Uniwersytetu Poznaƒskiego, zoologist from Poland, published on Thalassomyces in 1913 [Thalassomyces niezabitowski Hoenigman, 1960, Hippolyte niezabitowskii D'Udekem d'Acoz, 1996].

Lacking information about Nigel in the fish name Monognathus nigeli Bertelsen & Nielsen, 1987.

Mrs. Chingis M. Nigmatullin, 19??-, Russian cephalopodologist, who has published from the 1970s on [Nigmatullinus Burukovsky, 1991].

Lacking information about Niino in the coral name Crispatotrochus niinoi (Yabe & Eguchi, 1942).

Lacking information about Nijhoff in the nematode names Nijhoffia Allgén, 1935 & Viscosia nijhoffi Allgén, 1935.

Sven Nilsson, (8 May - Asmundtorp, off Landskrona) 1787-1883 (30 Nov.), Swedish naturalist (mainly zoologist) and archaeologist, from the county of Skåne. See also Lovén [Menigratopsis svennilssoni Dahl, likely Halirages nilssoni Ohlin, 1895].

Nilsson-Cantell : (see Cantell).

Nina (in Nanaspis ninae) : (see Lützen).

All the author of the copepod name Chondracanthus ninnii Richiardi, 1882, said about the name is that it is named for "Count Dr. Ninn of Venice, the charismatic naturalist.". During this time there is an Italian ichthyologist A.P. Ninni, publishing between 1880-1939, but if he is identical with the honoured person is of course doubtful. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided the citation).

Is there a person named Ninon or a similar name dwelling in the polychaete name Amphicteis ninonae Jirkov, 1985?

Lacking information about Nintoku in the Lithodid name Lithodes nintokuae Sakai ,1978.

The polychaete name Lumbrineris nishii Carrera Parra, 2006 is in honour of Eijiroh Nishi, 19??-, Associate Professor, Yokohama National University, in recognition of his publications on polychaetes of Japan. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

Shuhei Nishida, 1950-, Japanese copepod morphologist and taxonomist.

Lacking information about Nishihira in the scleractinian name Echinophyllia nishihirai Veron, 1990.

Lacking information about Nissen in the polychaete name Tomopteris (Tomopteris) nisseni Rosa, 1908.

The German naturalist H(e)inrich Nitsche, 1845-1902, who published on fresh water bryozoans in 1868, is honoured in the entoproct name Loxosomella nitschei (Vigelius, 1882).

Christian Ludwig Nitzsch, (3 Sep.) 1782-1837 (16 Aug.), Professor of Natural History at the University of Halle, Germany (Prussia). Nitzsch was primarily an ornithologist, but he wrote a monograph on infusorians (1817) that included some diatoms, giving Hassall (q.v.) (1845) good reason to name the diatom genus Nitzschia. One of Nitzsch's students, and his successor at Halle, was Hermann Burmeister (q.v.). (Dr. David Damkaer kindly provided this information).

Guiseppe Nobili, 1877-1908, Italian zoologist at the University of Turin [possibly Eurycope nobili Richardson, 1911, Periclimenaeus nobilii A.J. Bruce, 1974, Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952].

Elmer Ray Noble, 1909-2001, US parasitologist, is honoured in the myxozoan names Myxidium noblei Zubchenko & Krasin, 1980 and Myxobolus noblei (Sarkar, 1982). He has published together with Glenn Arthur Noble, 1909-2001, his identical twin brother, both born in Korea, where their parents were missionaires, and they lived there until they entered the Univ. of California. (David Hollombe, Los Angeles, kindly provided much of this information).

Gladwyn Kingsley Noble, 1894-1940, US collector of natural history objects [likely Gnorimosphaeroma noblei Menzies, 1954].

Professor Augusto Pereira Nobre, (23 June - Porto) 1865-1946 (13 Sep. - Foz do Douro), Portugese marine biologist and brother of the poet António Nobre, 1867-1900, who died young from pulmonary tbc. After studies in Portugal, he stayed some time in Paris as a disciple of Edmond Perrier (q.v.), later at the Mediterranean Station de Biologie Marine de Sète at the Univ. of Montpellier, but returns to Porto in 1890, where he becomes a full professor in 1915. He was from early age especially interested in malacology. [Conus nobreiTrovão, 1975].

Vexillum (Costellaria) nodai H. Turner & R. Salisbury, 1999 is named for Mr. Kazutaka Noda, 19??-, (Gobo Town, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan) whose extensive molluscan collection has yielded several new species of Costellaridae. (Dr. Hans Turner, Casa La Conchiglia, Rovia, Switzerland, kindly provided some of this information). Rirokuni Noda, 19??-, Japanese tardigrade taxonomist supervised by Tatsunori Ito (q.v.) at the Seto Marine Laboratory, is a namesake.

The decapod worker Pierre Y. Noël, 1947-, at the MNHN, Paris, is honoured in the decapod name Balssia noeli Bruce, 1998.

Dr. Ella Mae Noffsinger, (16 Mar. - Colorado) 1934-, "Senior Museum Scientist, Davis, California" (retired in 1991) is honoured in the nematode name Noffsingeria Decraemer & Jensen, 1982.

Italo Nofroni, (7 Mar.) 1949-, malacologist from Roma (Italy). President of Centro Italiano di Studi Malacologici (Cisma) [Turbonilla nofroni Peñas & Rolan, 1997, Choristella nofronii McLean, 1992, Cerithiopsis nofronii Amati, 1987, Anekes nofronii Aartsen & Bogi,1988 (now considered to be a synonym of Lissotesta turritum (Gaglini, 1977)].

The plankton researcher Thomas T. Noji, 19??-, is likely the person honoured in the nematode name Southerniella nojii Jensen,1991.

Nolan in the cowry name Erosaria staphylea nolani Lorenz, 1989 : (see Nolan Webb).

Prof. Lowell Evan Noland, 1896-1972 (3 Jan.), U.S. protistologist [Nolandia, Nolandella Page, 1983].

Frank Nolf, 19??-, Belgian collector who played a major role in the development of post-war conchology in Belgium. [Cantharidus nolfi  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this infoprmation).

Ernst Ferdinand Nolte, (24 Dec. - Hamburg) 1791-1875 (13 Feb. - Kiel), German physician and botanist, Prof. of Botany at the Univ. of Kiel, interested in Zostera [Zostera noltii Hornemann].

The venomous giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Kishinouye, 1922 (for some time in the genus Stomolophus) is a tribute to Mr. Kanichi (Kan-ichi) Nomura, 18??-19??, who was the Director General of the Fukui Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station and sent in early December 1921 a specimen in a 72 l wooden tank to Kishinouye, who found that it was unknown and spent some time at the station during his winter vacation in order to study living specimens. Nomura later (mid 1930s) became known as an orgaizer of a Japanese fishery coordination committee. Some other zoologists sharing his family name were the malacologist Shichihei [Sitihei] Nomura, 1892-1945, who is honoured in the cardiid name Trifaricardium nomurai Kuroda & Habe, 1951 and the oligochaete worker Ekitaro Nomura, 1887?-19??, at Tohoku Imperial Univ. [Dr.s Toyokawa Masaya & Kensuke Yanagi kindly informed about Kanichi Nomura]

Dr. Edmundo Ferraz Nonato, 1920-, dean of polychaetologists in Latin America and factual leader of many Brazilian taxonomists and invertebrate ecologists [Eunice nonatoi Carrera-Parra & Salazar-Vallejo, 1998, Costasiella nonatoi Marcus & Marcus, 1960, Spiochaetopterus nonatoi Bhaud & al., 2001, Spermothamnion nonatoi Joly, Itanemertes nonatoi Corrêa, 1958, Kinbergonuphis nonatoi da Cunha Lana, 1991, Antarcturus nonatoi Pires & Sumida, 1997, Magelona nonatoi Bolivar & Lana, 1986, Nonatus A.C.Z. Amaral, 1980 (Capitellidae)]. (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided the date and some of the eponym names)

Lacking information about Noo in the bivalve names Xyloredo nooi Turner, 1972 and Xylopholas nooi Turner, 1972.

Professor Wolfram Noodt, (29 June - Fürstenwalde (close to Berlin)) 1927-91 (17 Feb. - Kiel), German copepodologist (harpacticoida) and Bathynellacean worker in Kiel, where he under Remane (q.v.) received his PhD in 1953. Noodt himself supervised arund 50 PhD students, among them were Sieg (q.v.), Anger, Wägele, Schriever, etc. [Noodtiella Wells, 1965, Noodtorthopsyllus Lang, 1965, Micropsammis noodti Mielke, 1975, Stenhelia (Delavalia) noodti Schriever, 1982, Interleptomesochra noodti Galhano, 1968, Haloschizopera noodti Bodin, 1968, Schizopera noodti Rouch, 1962, Forficatocaris noodti Jakobi, 1969, Sigmatidium noodti Kunz, 1975, Hastigerella noodti (Rao & Ganapati, 1969), Cubanocleta noodti Petkovski, 1977]. He began his studies for Remane (q.v.) just after World War II.

Lacking informationb about Nootk(e) in the Pacific algal name Bonnemaisonia nootkana (Esper) Silva (if not named for the Nootka people - a tribe of north American "indians").

Nop : (see Bussarawit).

Baron Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, (18 Nov. - Helsinki) 1832-1901 (12 Aug. - Dalbo (close to Lund, Sweden)), Finnish-Swedish geologist (later leader of the Swedish "Vega" expedition around the NE passage); he was a ship-mate of Malmgren (q.v.) during some arctic expeditions [Lanassa nordenskioeldi Malmgren, 1866, Aega nordenskjoeldi (Bovallius, 1885), Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii Cleve, 1873, Canthocamptus nordenskioeldi Lilljeborg, 1902, Cladorhiza nordenskioeldi Fristedt, 1887, Pseudotanais (Pseudotanais) nordenskioldi Sieg, 1973, Styela nordenskioeldi Michaelsen, 1898]. A. Nordenskiöld was uncle (fathers brother) of Nils Erik Nordenskiöld, 1872-1933, acarina researcher, humanist and publisher of "The History of Biology". A. Nordenskiöld also was uncle (mothers brother) of Nils Otto Gustaf Nordenskjöld, (6 Dec. - Hässelby, Småland) 1869-1928 (2 June - died after being hit by a car in a calm street outside his home in Gothenburg), who spelled his family name with the letter j instead of i. He took part in a Danish expedition to E Greenland during 1900 and the larger Antarctic expedition in 1901-03 onboard the Swedish ship "Antarctic", which cooperated with the simultaneous Antarctic expeditions with the British ship "Discovery" under Scott and the German ship "Gauss" under von Drygalski. He had started his academic career in Uppsala as a geologist and geographer, but in 1905 he achieved a professorship in Göteborg (Gothenburg) in geography including commersial geography and ethnography and stayed in this city for the rest of his career, except for a few more expedititions to West Greenland, Peru and Patagonia [Methalimedon nordenskjoeldi Schellenberg, 1931, Golfingia nordenskjoldi (Théel, 1911)]. The giant penguin Anthropornis nordenskjoldi Wiman, 1905, the largest penguin who ever lived on this planet, extinct for around 45 million years, but a marine creture of around human size (length up to 170 cm, weight of around 90 kg) was named for Otto Nordenskjöld, who found the fist skeletons at Seymour Island when in vain waiting for the ship Antarctic (see this expedition).

Ole Nordgaard, (Tømmerås, Grong, Namdalen) 1862-1931, Norwegian zoologist and hydrographer, first (from 1895) working in Bergen as the first director of the biological station in Puddefjorden (which was founded in 1892 as an initiative of i.a. Mohn and Nansen), later (from 1906) at the biological station in Trondheim, which had started in 1900. A polyhistor and jack-of-all-trades within zoology, but mainly a specialist on bryozoans [Nordgaardia Kluge, 1962, Rhopalaea nordgaardi Hartmeyer, 1922, Buprorus nordgaardi G.O. Sars, 1921, Laophonte nordgaardi G.O. Sars, 1908, Emplectonema nordgaardi (Punnett, 1903), Loxosomella nordgaardi Ryland, 1961, Viscosia nordgaardi Allgén, 1940, Cyatholaimus nordgaardi Allgén, 1933, Bougainvillia nordgaardi (Browne, 1903), Tylobranchion nordgaardi (Hartmeyer, 1922), Metafolliculina nordgaardi Dons, 1924].

Alexander von Nordmann, (24 May - Kotka) 1803-66 (25 June), Finnish zoologist of Swedish descent from the Viborg area, after studies in Åbo he left after the big fire in 1827 (which destroyed the library and collections of the academy there) for Berlin, where he was a disciple of Rudolphi (q.v.) and Ehrenberg (q.v.), together with i.a. F. Brandt (q.v.), Burmeister (q.v.), Lovén (q.v.), C. von Siebold (q.v.), A.F. Wiegmann (q.v.) and he also made friends with i.a. von Chamisso (q.v.) and Philippi (q.v.). His work there on some trematodes and particularly some crustaceans, which he discovered to be parasites made him professor in Odessa, where he worked from 1832. He was the first to show parasitism among crustaceans. During his time in Berlin and Odessa, he made many friends among colleagues, beeing considered nice and helpful, speaking several languages. In 1849 he was appointed professor in Helsinki, but was considered to have been an eccentric during his last years. [Evadne nordmanni Lovén, 1836, Encotyllabe nordmanni Diesing, 1850, Aplidium nordmanni (H. Milne-Edwards, 1841), Lepeophtheirus nordmannii (H. Milne Edwards, 1840), Euryphorus nordmanni Milne Edwards, 1840, Salmincola nordmanni (Kessler, 1868), Lernanthropus nordmanni Wilson, 1922, Jaera nordmanni (Rathke, 1837), Glycinde nordmanni (Malmgren, 1866), Epiactis nordmanni Carlgren, 1921, Diplostomum nordmanni Shigin & Shapirov, 1986, Stenula nordmannni (Stephensen, 1931)].

Dr. Fritz Nordsieck, (8 Mar.) 1906-84 (23 May), German typological malacological writer [Tricolia nordsiecki Talavera, 1978].

Dr. Hartmut Nordsieck, 19??-, German malacologist, specialist in clausilids [Sciocohlea nordsiecki Subai, 1993]. His wife, Frau Hiltrud Nordsieck, 19??-, is honoured in Hiltrudia Nordsieck, 1993.

Carl Fredrik Otto Nordstedt, 1838-1924, Swedish algologist in Lund, disciple of J. Agardh (q.v.), publishing mainly on limnic taxa [Spirulina nordstedtii Gomont].

The nemertean name Aenigmanemertes norenburgi Sundberg & Gibson, 1995 was named for Dr. Jon L. Norenburg, (Feb.) 19??-, nemertean worker at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.

Rev. Canon Alfred Merle Norman, (29 Aug. - Exeter) 1831-1918 (26 Oct. - Berkhampsted), belonged to an old Somerset family. He was born in Devon, studied theology in Oxford, worked from 1858 as clergyman in Durham - he was appointed honorary Canon of Durham Cathedral in 1885 - until his retirement in 1898, when he moved to Berkhampsted, Herts.. During his long life he interested himself in all kinds of marine invertebrates and spent almost all spare-time collecting - he was a renowned dredger - and describing this kind of animals, gladly together with like-minded. His gradually very large collection of invertebrates is now included in the collections of the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) and his almost complete collection of 19:th century zoological publications was inherited by the Department of Zoology in Cambridge [Normanion Bonnier, 1893, Rhabdopleura normani Allman, 1869, Clathria (Microciona) normani (Burton, 1930), Halichondria normani Burton, 1930, Latrunculia normani Stephen, 1915, Stelletta normani Sollas, 1880, Notoplites normani (Nordgaard, 1900), Micropora normani Levinsen, 1909, Stomachetosella normani Hayward, 1994, Doropygella normani (Brady, 1878), Aspidoecia normani Giard & Bonnier, 1889, Cribropontius normani (Brady & Robertson, 1876), Ectinosoma normani T. & A. Scott, 1894, Thalestris normani T. Scott, 1903, Stenhelia (Delavalia) normani (T. Scott, 1905), Amonardia normani (Brady, 1872), Normanella Brady, 1880, Echinopsyllus normani G.O. Sars, 1909, Paradoxostoma normani Brady, 1868, Cymonomus normani Lancester, 1903, Gastrosaccus normani G.O. Sars, 1877, Onisimus normani G.O. Sars, 1891, Dyopedos normani (G.O. Sars, 1895), Echinopsyllus normani G.O. Sars, 1909, Euphysora normani (Browne, 1916), Anatanais normani (Richardson, 1905), Merlia Kirkpatrick, 1908, Merlia normani Kirkpatrick, 1908, Robertinoides normani (Goës, 1894), Hormosina normani Brady, 1881, Boeckosimus normani (G.O. Sars, 1895), Cymonomus normani Lankester, 1903, Cellaria normani Hastings, 1946, Calliostoma normani Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 189, Moelleriopsis normanni (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897), Ondina normani Friele, 1886, Synagoga normani Grygier, 1983, Munida normani Henderson, 1885, Toledonia normani (Friele, 1886), Zeuxo normani (Richardson, 1905), Agononida normani (Henderson, 1885), Haplostylus normani (G.O. Sars, 1877)].

John Richardson Norman, 1899-1944, ichthyologist at the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) [likely Blennius normani Poll, 1949, possibly Psammobatis normani McEachran, 1983].

Dr. Mark Norman, 195?-, well-known Australian cephalopod specialist, chiefly interested in octopuses. He is senior curator at the Museum Victoria, Melbourne.

The diatom name Nitzschia normannii Grunow in Van Heurck may possibly be a tribute to George Norman, 1824-82, algal researcher.

Lacking information about Noro in the polychaete name Epigamia noroi (Imajima & Hartman, 1964).

Thomas Norris, 17??-1852, British surgeon and shell and insect collector from Preston. His entomological collections were for sale 21 May 1873 [Norrisia Bayle, 1880 norrisi (Sowerby, 1838), Murexiella norrisii L. A. Reeve, 1845, Voluta norrisi]. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly provided the year of decease).

Lacking information about Norris in the Prasinophyceae name Pyramimonas norrisii Syn & Pienaar and in the choanoflagellate name Stephanoeca norrisi Thomsen, 1973, but possibly a tribute to James N. Norris, 19??-, algae curator at the Smithsonian Institution?

Regarding the nudibranch name Glossodoris norrisi (Farmer, 1963): "Dr. Kenneth Norris, whom I accompanied on a trip to the Sebastain Vizcaino Bay area in 1953, provided time to collect nudibranchs.". Kenneth Stafford Norris, (11 Aug.) 1924-98 (16 Aug), was the founder of Marine Land of the Pacific, and a renowned marine mammal biologist, and a professor at University of California, Santa Cruz. (Dr. Gary McDonald, Santa Cruz, California kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Norton in the copepod name Anthessius nortoni Illg, 1960.

Lacking information about Noury in the cephalopod name Argonauta nouryi Lorois, 1852.

Henri François Nouvel, (19 Mar. - Brest) 1905-1974 (3 Aug.), French "professeur titulaire de Biologie générale à l'Université Paul-Sabatier de Toulouse". Particularly a carcinologist (worked mainly with Mysidacea, shrimps and prawns) [Processa nouveli Al-Adhub & D.I. Williamson, 1975, Thalassomyces nouveli (Hoenigman, 1954), Paramysis nouveli Labat, 1953, Longithorax nouveli O. Tattersall, 1955, Hansenomysis nouveli Lagardère, 1983, Dicyema nouveli Kalavati, Narasimhamurti & Suseela, 1984], but also interested in other taxa, e.g. mesozoans.

Yuri Vasilyevich Novikov, (1 Dec.) 1925-96 (7 Apr.), Russian ichthyologist. [the trematode name Lintonium novikovi Baeva, 1965]. (Prof. Albina Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, kindly provided the eponym).

Lacking information about Noyes in the gastropod name Sinum noyesii W. H. Dall, 1903.

Lacking information about Nozaki in the scyphozoan name Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye, 1891.

Lacking information about Nozawa? in the monogenean name Tristomella nozawae (Goto, 1894).

The amphipod name Parambasia nui Myers, is likely not named for a person, but for a place, (according to kind information from Prof. Wim Vader, Tromsø).

Lacking information about Numata in the scaphopod name Dentalium numatai Hirase. likely not honoring the Japanese botanist Makoto Numata, 1917-,.

Lacking information about Nunn in the harpacticoid name Heteropsyllus nunni Coull, 1975.

George Henry Falkiner Nuttall, (5 July) 1862-1937 (16 Dec.), born in San Francisco, MD at California in 1884, PhD at Göttingen in 1899. The same year he moved to Cambridge, England, where he stayed for the rest of his life and was appoinded professor of Biology in 1906. He founded i.a. the journal Parasitology.

Josiah Nuttall, 1771-1849, British natural history worker.

Thomas Nuttall, (5 Jan.) 1786-1859 (10 Sep.), English-U.S. natural history collector and member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. He lived and worked in USA between 1808-1841. [Ceratostoma nuttalli (Conrad, 1837), Nuttallina Dall, 1871, Lucina nuttalli (Conrad, 1837), Clinocardium nuttallii (Conrad, 1837), Tresus nuttalli (Conrad, 1837), Nuttallia Dall, 1898 nuttallii (Conrad, 1837), Saxidomus nuttalli (Conrad, 1837), Taliepus nuttalli (Randall), Mytilimeria nuttalli Conrad, 1837, Thyasira nuttalii T. A. Conrad, 1834]. He had many naturalist friends, e.g. the botanists Hardy Croom, 1797-1837, and Harris Loomis, (9 Sep.) 1?70-1837. (See also Townsend).

Prof. Charles Cleveland Nutting, (25 May - Jacksonville, Illinois) 1858-1927 (23 Jan. - Iowa), U.S. marine biologist and ornithologist at the University of Iowa [Nuttingia Stechow, 1909, Polyipnus nuttingi Gilbert, 1905, Turbonilla nuttingi Dall & Bartsch, 1909, Poirieria nuttingi (Dall, 1896), Leucilla nuttingi (Urban, 1902), Antennarius nuttingi Garman, 1896, Xanthias nuttingi Rathbun, 1898, Asteroschema nuttingi Verrill, 1899, Rhabdodermella nuttingi Urban, 1902, Pilumnus nuttingi Rathbun, 1906, Calycella nuttingi Hargitt, 1909, Plumularia nuttingi Billard, 1911, Sertularia nuttingi Levinsen, 1913, Diphasia nuttingi Stechow, 1913, Telesto nuttingi Kükenthal, 1913, Sertularella nuttingi Billard, 1914, Astropecten nuttingi Verrill, 1915, Euplexaura nuttingi Kükenthal, 1919, Exosphaeroma nuttingi Boone, 1921, Crangon nuttingi Schmitt, 1924, Histocidaris nuttingi Mortensen, 1926, Lytocarpus nuttingi Hargitt, 1927, Compsometra nuttingi Clark, 1936, Suberogorgia nuttingi Stiasny, 1937, Barbatia nuttingi (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938), Acabaria nuttingi Stiasny, 1939, Anthothela nuttingi Bayer, 1956, Peltastisis nuttingi Grant, 1976, Antipathipolyeunoa nuttingi Pettibone, 1991, Narella nuttingi Bayer, 1997].

Lacking information about Nutzel in the gastropod name Cerithiopsis nutzeli Jay & Drivas, 2002.

Echinoderes nybakkeni Higgins, 1986 is honouring it's detector Prof. Emeritus James Willard Nybakken, 1936-, of Moss Landing Marine Laboratories in California, who is a marine ecologist and malacologist (an expert on nudibranch gastropods - e.g. he and a colleague named Cerberilla mosslandica McDonald & Nybakken, 1975 after that marine center). (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly provided some of this information).

Orvar Nybelin, (11 June - Göteborg) 1892-1982 (10 Mar.), Swedish ichthyologist & parasitologist, who worked in the Natural History Musem in Göteborg (Gothenburg), where he early (only 11 ears old) had started to work, because his father knew the director Jägerskiöld (q.v.) and Orvar had an early interest in osteology [Nybelinia Poche, 1925, Gyrocotyloides nybelini Fuhrmann, 1931, Triglops nybelini Jensen, 1944, Desmodora nybelini Allgén, 1954].

Dr. Arne Birger Nygren, 1971-, polychaetologist at the Department of Marine Ecology, Göteborg University and Tjärnö Marine Biology Laboratory. He is especially interested in the Syllidae family, of which subfamily Autolytine was basis for his PhD thesis in 2003.

Karl-Georg Nyholm, 1912-91, Swedish zoologist.Associated Professor (Docent) of Zoology in Uppsala, then in Göteborg, then again in Uppsala. Specialist on foraminiferans and kinorhynchs. His son Per-Georg Nyholm, (2 June) 1958-, became interested in his fathers work and they co-published some articles on foraminiferans and kinorhynchs. However, the son later on - beeing a MD in Gothenburg in 1992 - has restricted his research to medicine.

Olof O. Nylander, 1864-1943, US Malacologist.

Henri Joseph Pierre Nyst, (15 May - Arnheim) 1813-80 (6 Apr. - Brussels), Belgian (palaeo-)malacologist. [Nystiella Clench & Turner, 1952].

Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli, (27 Mar.) 1817-91 (10 May), Swiss botanist and natural scientist, a disciple of Oken (q.v.), who opposed the natural selection theory and thougt of species as unchangable [Polycystis naegeli Kölliker, 1845]. The German malacologist and theologist Gottfried Nägele, 1841-1914, is likely not related because of different spelling of the family names.

Prof. Arne Nørrevang, (10 July - Falsterholt, Jutland) 1933-, Danish zoologist (PhD in 1965 at the Univ. of Copenhagen), who was the leader of the BioFar project during the 1980s and early 1990s, before he formally retired, but remained on the Faeroes [Batillipes noerrevangi Kristensen,1978, Leucon noerrevangi Watling & Gerken, 1999, Noerrevangia Warén & Schander in Warén, Gofas & Schander, 1993].

Aksel Nørvang, 1914-68, Danish foraminiferologist at the Zoological Museum in København (Copenhagen).

Lacking information about Oates in the amphipod name Acanthonotozomoides oatesi (K.H. Barnard, 1930) and in the spider crab name Hoplophrys oatesii Henderson, 1893. Possibly the first name may be a tributes to L.E.G. "Titus" Oates , who succumbed during the Terra Nova expedition (see this expedition).

The tardigrade name Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri (Doyère, 1840), may likely be a tribute to Georges Oberhäuser, 1798-1868, German born well reputed instrument maker, who in 1818 moved from Wurzburg to Paris, where he started a business in Place Dauphine. He i.a. improved the drum microscope to its highest technical level and designed the horseshoe-shaped foot in microscopes. In 1860 he was succeded by his nephew Dr. Edmund Hartnack, who moved the business to Potsdam in 1870.

Rosario Occhipinti, 19??-, Italian malacologist.

Lacking information about the Japanese ichthyologist Akira Ochiai, 19??-, in the fish name Callionymus ochiaii Fricke, 1981.

Prof. Kurt Wolfgang Ockelmann, 1924-, Danish marine biologist born in Hamburg, working at the marine biological laboratory in Helsingör (Elsinore). He is mainly a specialist on bivalves, but is also skilled with polychaetes and other invertebrates [Dacrydium ockelmanni Mattson & Warén, 1977, Eumida ockelmanni Eibye-Jacobsen, 1987, Prionospio ockelmanni Pleijel, 1985]. Likely the crab name Goneplax ockelmanni R. Serène, 1971 is a tribute to the same person.

Lacking information about O'Clair in the amphipod mame Eogammarus oclairi Bousfield, 1979.

Lacking information about Oda in the W Pacific skate name Rhinoraja odai Ishiyama, 1958.

Kazuko Odate, 1932-, Japanese, who worked on distribution of copepods and their use as current indicators.

Lacking information about Odawara in the Lithodid name Lopholithodes odawarai Sakai, 1980.

Prince Oddone di Savoia, 1846-66, the 3:rd son of king Vittorio Emanuele II, left a malacological collection to the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" in Genoa.

Nils Hjalmar Odhner, (6 Dec. - Stockholm) 1884-1973 (12 June), specialist on molluscs at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, succeded Bock (q.v.) as professor of invertbrate zoology and director of this museum department in 1946, until his retirement in 1949, when he was succeded by Karl Lang (q.v.). However, he continued to work and published (from 1907 on) until 1968. His interest in molluscs was broad, albeit his special area concerned opisthobranchs [Tritonia nilsodhneri Ev. Marcus, 1983, Dicata odhneri Schmekel, 1967, Gastropteron odhneri Gosliner 1989, Stylopus odhneri Alander, 1942, Paralysianopsis odhneri Schellenberg, 1931, Leptochiton odhneri (Bergenhayn, 1931), Microhedyle odhneri (E. &. E. Marcus, 1955), Pycnophyes odhneri Lang, 1949, Inquisitor odhneri Wells, 1994, Aporcelaimellus odhneri (Allgen, 1951), Thonus odhneri (Allgen, 1951), Vaginina odhneri Hoffmann, 1927, Sabulincola odhneri (Marcus & Marcus, 1955), Archidoris odhneri (MacFarland, 1966), Polycera odhneri Marcus, 1955, Bankia odhneri Roch, 1931, Specula odhneri A. W. B. Powell, 1927, Odhneripisidium Kuiper, 1962 (limnic)].

Nils Johan Teodor Odhner, (25 Feb. - Lund) 1879-1928 (29 Oct.), defended his dissertation in Uppsala 1905, was appointed professor in Kristiania (Oslo) in 1914, succeded in 1918 Theél (q.v.) as curator of the department of Invertebrates at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm and was after his death himself succeded by Sixten Bock (q.v.). He was a specialist on parasitical platyhelminths, but also published a few papers on decapod crustaceans and was distantly related to Nils Hj. Odhner (q.v.) [Odhnerium Yamaguti, 1934, Odhneriella Skrjabin, 1915, Paragymnophallus odhneri Ching, 1973, Plagiorhynchus odhneri Lundström, 1942, Lithacrosiphon odhneri Fischer, 1922, Tweedieia odhneri (Gordon, 1934), Progynotaenia odhneri Nybelin, 1914, Odhneria odhneri Travassos, 1921, Malika odhneri (Fuhrmann, 1901), Proctotrema odhneri Ramadan, 1985, Mesostephanus odhneri (Travassos, 1924), Banareia odhneri Sakai].

Dr. Charles Henry O'Donoghue, 1885-1961, British zoologist and opisthobranch specialist (who was Professor of Zoology at the Univ. of Manitoba and at the Univ of Reading between 1939-52), is honoured in the nudibranch name Doris odonoghuei Steinberg, 1963.

Dr. Leendert P. van Ofwegen, 19??-, octocoral researcher (Curator) at the museum in Leiden. He has been publishing on such animals since 1987.

Dr. Colin Gerald Ogden, 1934-91, BMNH, who has mainly published on Rhizopodea (sometimes together with the director of BMNH, Ronald Henderson Hedley), also wrote at least one paper in 1971 on nematodes [Pheronus ogdeni Inglis, 1966, Ogdeniella Golemansky, 1982].

Cypsilurus ogilbyi Jordan & Dickerson, 1908, Callionymus ogilbyi Fricke, 2002 and Raja ogilbyi Whitley, 1939 (a synonym of R. whitleyi Iredale, 1938) was named for James Douglas Ogilby, (16 Feb. Belfast, Ireland) 1853-1925 (11 Aug. - Queensland), of Brisbane, Australia, who helped the authors of the first name. Ogilby was an ichthyologist and taxonomist (also working on crustaceans and mammals), educated in Dublin, Ireland. Before arriving to Australia, he for some time worked at the British Museum, during this period spending some time in the USA. During 1885-90 he worked at the Australian Museum until he was dismissed because of "extreme and undiscriminating affinity for alcohol". After that he periodically worked for the Queensland Museum.

O'Hara : (see Poore).

Lacking information about H. Ohashi in the gastropod name Microliotia ohashii Kase, 1998.

Dr. Axel Gabriel Ohlin, 1867-1903, Swedish naturalist, educated at the Lund University. In 1893, he became docent (reader) in zooology there. He took part in several arctic / antarctic expeditions and worked mainly on crustaceans, but died rather young in tuberculosis [Obrimoposthia ohlini (Bergendal, 1899), Golfingia ohlini (Théel, 1911), Amblyopsoides ohlini (W. Tatterall, 1951), Scoloplos ohlini (Ehlers, 1901), Zeuxxoides ohlini (Stebbing, 1914), Cnemidocarpa ohlini (Michaelsen, 1898)].

The Japanese zoologist (interested primarily in echinoderms and opisthobranchs) Prof. Hiroshi Ohshima (sometimes transcribed Oshima), 1885-1971, at the Kyushu University, is honoured in the bivalve names Devonia ohshimai (Kawahara, 1941), Peregrinamor ohshimai Shoji, 1938, in the aplacophoran name Epimenia ohshimai A. Baba, 1940, in the pantopod name Achelia ohshimai Utinomi, 1951 and in the polyclade name Amakusaplana ohshimai Kato, 1938. Also a large book and paper (on Echinodermata) collection at the library of the National Fisheries University is named after him. K. Baba 1n 1974 published an obituary over Prof. Emer. Ohshima (in Japanese).

Dr. Susumu Ohtsuka, 19??-, copepodologist at the Hiroshima Univ., Japan.

Lacking information about Oishi in the gastropod name Conus oishii Shikama, 1977, but possibly honouring Shigeko Oishi, 1927-, copepod taxonomist.

Dr. Asajiro Oka, 1868-1944, is honoured in the shrimp name Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922 and likely the ascidian name Leptoclinum okai Tokioka, 1949 may be a tribute to the same scientist, who published the first book written by a Japanese professional biologist on Darwinism, Shinkaron Kowa, in 1904. Oka went - after studies in Tokyo - to Germany for studies under Weissmann (q.v.), but was not satisfied, so he became a disciple of Leuckart (q.v.), whom he respected as his mentor for the rest of his life. (Dr. A.J. Bruce kindly supplied the first name and Dr. Junji Okuno, Coastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, kindly provided the dates).

Dr. Yaichiro K. Okada, (24 June - Kaga City) 1892-1976 (28 Apr.), Japanese zoologist, born in the Ishikawa Prefecture, becoming Dr. of Science in 1929, working e.g. with nudibranch luminous organs in the 1920s and 1930s and later fishes and other vertebrates. However he had been a student of Ijima (q.v.) and published on Hexactinellida together with him. His name is presumably well-known from the mussel poison Okadaic acid (DSP) originally isolated from Halichondria okadai Kadota, 1922 [Okadaia Baba, 1930, Syllis (Typosyllis) okadai Fauvel, 1934, Siriella okadai Ii, 1964, Petrarca okadai Grygier, 1981, Parastaurosoma okadai Avdeev & Avdeev, 1975, Caprella okadai Arimoto, Proceraea okadai (Imajima, 1966), Munidopsis okadai ]. The namesake Prof. Dr. Yô K. Okada, 1891-1973, was a platyhelminth worker, who had studied in France during the 1920s and became Zoology professor in Tokyo after his return home..

Conus okamotoi T. Kuroda & K. Ito, 1961, is likely a tribute to Masatoyo Okamoto, (Fukuoka Prefecture) 1929-, a senior member of the Malacological Society of Japan and an editor of the Chiribotan newsletter [Amamiconcha okamotoi Habe, 1962].

Lacking information about Okamura in the pyramidellid name Boonea okamurai Hori & Okutani, 1996.

Ludwig Gilbert Lorenz Oken, (1 Aug. - Bohlsbach, southeast of Strasbourg) 1779-1851 (11 Aug.), German natural philosopher, who was editor of the journal "Isis" and published the well-known "Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte". It's nomenclature is not binominal, so the names in volume 3 (the zoology part) are unavailable for nomenclatural use. Oken, who descended from a very poor family of South German farmers, named Ockenfuss, got possibility to study and achieved a MD in 1804. In 1807 he was appointed assistant professor in Jena, where he began publishing his pan-scientific journal Isis (which continued between 1817-47) and he stayed there until 1819. Ha was a convinceed Germanist and for that reason thought of as a suspect figure by political authorities, and for this reason he became unemployed for some years until he got a professorship for some time in München (Munich). In 1832, however, he was appointed professor in Zurich, where he stayed for the rest of his life. His natural history journal "Isis" was banned three times by the censors, because of Oken's habit of venting his anger regarding political situations. Although less liked by political authorities in Germany, he was much appreciated as a person, teacher and organizer by university colleagues and students, perhaps with the exception of his natural philosophical colleague Goethe, who had different opinions about some cranial bones than what Oken had and made Oken move from Jena [Agalma okeni Eschscholtz, 1825, Tricharrhen okenii Kölliker, 1849, Okenia Leuckart in Bronn, 1826, Thyone okeni ].

Shiro Okuda, (29 Dec.) 1905-50 (26 Dec.), Japanese polychaetologist, who in 1933 began describing such animals from Japan [Halla okudai, Idanthyrsus okudai Kirtley, 1994, Didemnum okudai Tokioka, 1951, Nymphon okudai Nakamura & Child, 1991, Oenopota okudai Habe, 1958, Siphonodentalium okudai Habe, 1953, Pectinaria (Cistenides) okudai Imajima & Hartman, 1964]. (Obituary: Uchida, Tohru (1951) Obituary, Shiro Okuda. December 29, 1905-December 26, 1950. J. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Ser. 6, Zool. 10(3-4):i-iv, 1 pl.).

Prof. Dr. Kazunosuke I. Okugawa, 1907 -1994, Japanese platyhelminth worker.

Dr. Junji Okuno, 19??-, Japanese carcinologist.

Dr. Takashi A. Okutani, 1931-, Japanese malacologist, president of the Malacological Society of Japan; Professor Emeritus (retired in 1994?), Tokyo University of Fisheries [Nucula takashii, Bernard, 1983, Gonatopsis okutanii Nesis, 1972, Idioteuthis okutanii Salcedo-Vargas, 1997].

Lacking information about Olavo in the decapod name Lysmata olavoi Fransen, 1991.

The gastropod name Strombus oldi Emerson, 1965 is honouring William Erwood Old Jr., (14 Apr.) 1928-82 (31 Dec.), at the Am. Mus. of Nat. Hist..

Mugga : 'nom de guerre' of the Swedish amphipod specialist Hugo Oldevig, 1879-1968, who together with R. Wahrberg (q.v.) was one of Eliason's (q.v.) dredging companions in collecting expeditions along the Swedish west coast during the end of the 1920s. Oldevig worked with amphipods until he eventually became blind during the last few years of his life. When he walked, he used to keep his hands crossed behind his back, thus reminding of the last pair of thoracic notopodia of the polychaete genus Mugga Eliason.

Charles Oldham, 1865-1942, British malacologist. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly provided the first name).

Ida Shepard Oldroyd, 1857-1940, published "The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America" in 1924-27. [Balcis oldroydae (Bartsch, 1917), Bittium oldroydae Bartsch, 1911, Alvania oldroydae Bartsch, 1911, Mitra idae Melvill, 1893, likebly Dendrophyllia oldroydae Oldroyd, 1924, Tellina idae Dall, 1891]. She was married to the malacologist Tom Shaw Oldroyd, 1853-1932 [Lepidozona oldroydi W. H. Dall, 1919, Hanleyella oldroydi P. Bartsch in W. H. Dall, 1919, Vitrinella oldroydi Bartsch, 1907, Melanella oldroydi Bartsch, 1917, Calinatica oldroydii (Dall, 1897), Mangelia oldroydi Arnold, 1903, Acteocina oldroydi Dall, 1925, Lepidopleurus oldroydi Dall, 1919, Oldroydia Dall, 1894, Cardiomya oldroydi (Dall, 1924), Atrina oldroydii W. H. Dall, 1901].

Ignatius (Ignaz) Franz Maria von Olfers, (30 Aug. - Münster) 1793-1871 (23 Apr.), German diplomat and director of museums. He had travelled to Brazil as a diplomate in 1816, but returned and was in 1838 made director of the Imperial Museum in Berlin. He published i.a. on the ray genus Torpedo and is e.g. the author of Conchoderma [Argyropelecus olfersi (Cuvier, 1829), Astraea tecta olfersii Philippi, 1846].

H.J.P. d'Olivat, (4 Nov.) 1940-69 (12 May), Dutch Malacologist.

Oliver in Sige oliveri Pleijel, 1990 is not a living or dead person, but Martin Toonder's cartoon gentleman bear Oliver B. Bumble.

Guy Oliver, 19??-, retired in 2002, systematician of diplectanid monogeneans at the University of Montpellier and Perpignan, France [Heteroplectanum oliveri Leon-Regagnon, Perez-Ponce de Leon & Garcia-Prieto, 1997]. (Prof. Jean-Lou Justine, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, kindly provided this information).

Walter Reginald Brook Oliver, 1883-1957, one of the members of the Kermadec Island expedition and collecting companion of the author of Brookula Iredale, 1912 & Onithochiton oliveri Iredale, 1914 [Octopus oliveri Berry, 1914].

Arthur Peter Hoblyn Oliver, 1918-84, British Malacologist.

Lacking information about Oliver in the polychaete name Perinereis oliverae (Horst, 1889).

Lacking information about Olivera in the sea urchin name Clypeaster (Clypeaster) oliverai Krau, 1952.

Lacking information about Oliveira in the polychaete name Perinereis oliveirae Horst, 1889. The honoured person is likely not Manuel Paulino de Oliveira, 1837-99, who in 1895 published on Portuguese opisthobranchs.

Lejeune Pacheco Henriques de Oliveira, 1915-83, was a Brazilian limnologist, who published on crustaceans, e.g. copepods, from the neighbourhood of Rio de Janeiro during the 1940s and 1950s. (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided this information).

Baldomero Olivera, 19??-, Philippine researcher with a lab in the University of Utah, USA. World expert on conotoxins. Taxonomist. Named many species in the family Turridae. [Mitra oliverai Poppe, 2008]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Dr. Marco Oliverio, (31 Oct.) 1964-, malacologist at Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell'Uomo, Rome (Italy) [Turbonilla oliverioi Penas & Rolan, 1997, Onoba oliverioi Smriglio & Mariottini, 2000, Epitonium oliverioi Bonfitto & Sabelli, 2001].

Guiseppe Olivi (di Briana), (Chioggia) 1769-95 (Padova), Italian naturalist [Olivia Cantraine, 1835, Echinogammarus olivii (H. Milne Edwards, 1830), Gadila olivi (Scacchi, 1835)].

Olivia in the nudibranch name Spurilla oliviae (MacFarland, 1966) : (see MacFarland).

Guillaume-Antoine Olivier, (19 Jan.) 1756-1814 (1 Oct. - Lyon), French entomologist and malacologist. Bruguiere´s friend and collecting companion in Asia Minor, from where only Olivier returned alive home, because Bruguière died when they reached Italy, after having escaped several very dangerous situations along their collecting route, but also gained a friend in pasha Suleiman in Bagdad, who was thought to be dying, but who the two doctors cured in a few days. Both were very close friends of Lamarck [Coenobita olivieri (Owen, 1839)].

Lacking information about Olivera in the gastropod name Poirieria oliverai S. Kosuge, 1984. Possibly the name may honour Dr. Baldomero (Toto) Olivera, 19??-, who for at least the two last decades of the 20:th century has been working on Conus and conotoxins at the Univ. of Utah and? Cornell?

Gaston Ollivier, 1890-1929, French marine scientist [likely Caulerpa ollivieri Dostál].

Mrs. Mary Packham Olney, (Nov.?) 1824?-1903 (21 July (at age 78) - Spokane), US Malacologist. She became married to her father's cousin Cyrus Olney and was the president of the conchological section of the Rochester Society of Natural Sciences. (David S. Hollombe kindly supplied this information).

Ossian Herman Olofsson, 1886-1973, a Swedish fisheries biologist, earned his doctorate at Uppsala University in 1918. He studied marine fauna at Spitzbergen in 1909 and 1910, and along the Murmansk coast in 1913. His publications covered especially rotifers and copepods (he named several new species of Arctic harpacticoids). Besides pure zoology, Olofsson also wrote about fishing, hunting, and ethnology. (Dr. David Damkaer kindly provided much of this information and editor Ola Kellgren at Västerbottens Museum kindly provided the year of decease and mentioned that Olofsson left a large archive of photographs and notes, which now is deposited at the Nordic Museum Stockholm. He also mentioned that Olofsson's life is remembered in a special feature issue dealing with fisheries in the county of Västerbotten of the journal Västerbotten no. 1, 2000).

The Danish director of the Greenlandic commerce and justice of the supreme court Christian Søren Marcus Olrik, (13 Oct. - Julianehaab, South Greenland) 1815-70 (14 Dec. - Frbg. funeral station (Solbjerg)), collected much natural history specimens for the Zoological museum in København (Copenhagen) and is honoured in the fish name Ulcina olriki (Lütken, 1876), the cestodan name Diplocotyle olriki (Krabbe, 1874) and the leach name Platybdella olriki Malm, 1863.

Lacking information about Olsen in the central W Atlantic skate name Dipturus olseni (Bigelow & Schroeder, 1951).

Dr. Peter D. Olson, 1969-, US (from Bellevue, Nebraska) parasitologist at the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), especially interested in cestodes.

Dr. Axel Adolf Olsson, (19 Apr.) 1889-1977 (26 Oct.), US (Coral Gables, Florida) palaeontologist and malacologist [Olssonella Petit, 1970, Calliostoma olssoni Bayer, 1971, Compsodrillia olssoni McLean & Poorman, 1971, Murex olssoni E. H. Vokes, 1967].

Peter J. Olsson, 1838-1923, became an associate professor (docent) in Lund, Sweden 1867, where he in 1865 had defended his thesis. He was a parasitologist and continued to publish some articles of this kind also after he in 1869 began working as an upper secondary school lecturer in Östersund. He collected material mainly from Sotenäset, Väderöarna and Koster in the county of Bohuslän [Olssonium Bray & Gibson, 1980, Brachydistomum olssoni, Enalcyonium olssoni (De Zulueta, 1908), Podocotyle olssoni Odhner, 1905, Neopechona olssoni (Yamaguti, 1934)]. (Prof. Albina Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, kindly provided the last eponym)

A. Oltmans, 1811-73, Dutch curator of the Amsterdam Zoological Museum, after the collection of shells and corals of his family had been sold to the museum in 1844.

Friedrich Oltmanns, 1860-1945, German? algologist.

Mr. Julian Adrian O'Maley, 18??-19??, of the Indian Government Telegraph S.S. "Patrick Stewart", Karachi [Clathurella omaleyi Melvill, 1899].

Lacking information about Oman in the cephalopod name Sepia omani W. Adam & W. J. Rees, 1966.

Lacking information about Omer in the nematode name Noffsingeria omeri Decraemer & Jensen, 1982. The authors explained the etymology of the genus name, but not the species name.

The South African zoologist (entomologist) Joseph Omer-Cooper, 1893-1972, is likely the person honoured in the isopod name Cristapseudes omercooperi (Larwood, 1954).

Makoto Omori, 1937-, Japanese planktonic copepod worker [Acartia omorii Bradford, 1976].

Dr. Hideo Omura, 1906-1993, Japanese cetologist [Balaenoptera omurai Wada, Oishi & Yamada, 2003]

Lacking indormation about On in the fish name Omiyamichthys oni (Tomiyama, 1936).

Takashi Onbé, 19??-, Japanese crustacean specialist.

Lacking information about Ono in the medusa name Octorathkea onoi Uchida, 1927.

Shigeko Ooishi, 1927-, Japanese marine biologist, a specialist in copepod associations, particularly those found with ascidians. Retired from the faculty of Mie University, Japan, she has worked for the last decade (the 1990s) at the University of Washington's Marine Laboratories at Friday Harbor, U.S.A. (Dr. David Damkaer kindly provided most of this information).

Christiaan Hendrik Oostingh, 1889-1940, Dutch palaeo-malacologist.

Pierre Opic, (27 Nov.) 1933-, scientific illustrator, photographer, naturalist, etc. at l'O.R.S.T.O.M., born in Bordeaux, France, is honoured in the shrimp name Pontophilus opici Crosnier, 1971 and in the fish name Hemerorhinus opici Blache & Bauchot, 1972. (Dr. Alain Crosnier, MNHN, Paris, kindly provided this information).

Dr. Dennis Michael Opresko, 19??-, US anthipatharian taxonomist. Dissertation in 1974 at the Univ. of Miami.

d'Orbigny : (see Owen).

The botanist and natural history dealer Charles Russell Orcutt, (27 Apr. - Vermont) 1864-1929 (Jeremie, Haiti while doing field work), of San Diego, collected sponges at lower California, in which specimens of Balanus orcutti Pilsbry, 1907 were embedded [Amicula orcutti W. H. Dall, 1884, Caecum orcutti Dall, 1885, Barleeia orcutti Bartsch, 1920, Coralliophila orcuttiana Dall, 1919, Chlamydoconcha orcutti Dall, 1884, Bankia orcutti P. Bartsch, 1923].

Otto Haim Oren, (7 Jan. - Vinkovci, Yugoslavia) 1921-83 (4 Nov. - Haifa, Israel), studied initially chemistry at the University of Zagreb (1940), but soon after the invasion of the German forces during WW II he left for Palestine (1941). He completed his chemistry studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (1947) and began to work in the field of hydrography at the Sea Fisheries Research Station (SFRS) in Haifa, established one year earlier. His first papers were dealing with the hydrography of the Mediterranean off the coast of Israel (1952), soon followed by similar studies concerning the Sea of Galilee (Lake Kinneret/Tiberias). His hydrographical investigations of the Eastern Mediterranean were extended to the whole Levant, in which the influence of the Nile and the Aswan Dam on among others the fisheries played an important role. Since 1958 he carried out also hydrographic and fishery related research in the Red Sea, not only in the Gulf of Aqaba, but also in the southern Red Sea of Eritrea. In 1962 he was the deputy leader of the first Israel South Red Sea Expedition to the Dahlak Archipelago. During his investigations he collected a wealth of zoological specimens, which are permanently stored in the National Natural History Collections of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Tel Aviv University. One of Dr. Oren's goals was the establishment of an independent aquatic research institute, which was materialized in 1973 with the completion of the premises of the National Oceanographic and Limnological Research Institute near Tel Shiqmona, south of Haifa, operated by the Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research Ltd. Dr. Oren published some 62 papers, which have been enumerated by A. Ben-Tuvia in BAMIDGEH, the Bulletin for Fish Culture in Israel (vol. 35: 120-126. 1983). At least two marine taxa have been named after him: the coral species Umbellulifera oreni Verseveldt, 1965 and the fish species Asymmetrurus oreni Clark & Ben-Tuvia, 1973 (now Hoplolatilus oreni). (Dr. Henk K. Mienis kindly provided all this information)

José María (Lobo) Orensanz, 1945-, Argentinian polychaetologist at Centro Nacional Patagonico (CENPAT) Puerto Madryn, Chubut,, who i.a. has worked on Antarctic Eunicida (s. lat.) [Marphysa orensanzi Carrera-Parra & Salazar-Vallejo, 1998, Sabellaria orensanzi Kirtley, 1994, Lumbrineris orensanzi Hartmann-Schröder, 1980, Protodorvillea orensanzi Carrasco & Palma, 2000, Loboneris Carrera Parra, 2006]. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided the last eponym).

Prof. Traian Orghidan, 1917-85, Romanian biospeleologist, is honoured in the tanaid name Apseudes orghidani Gutu & Iliffe, 1989.

Oriana : (see Terra Nova expedition, 1910-)

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, 19??-, Italian malacologist.

Lacking information about Orlej in the nematode name Prochromadora orleji (de Man, 1880).

Zvi Orlin (6 Oct. – Lithuania), 1925-, settled in Palestine in 1947, lives in Qiryat Motzkin, Israel, since 1958. He was an internal auditor by profession. In 1993, after his retirement, he became interested in marine molluscs: first in those from the Mediterranean coast of Israel, followed soon by those from the Red Sea in general and the Gulf of Aqaba (Elat) in particular. Since no suitable book on Red Sea shells was available, he decided to prepare a checklist based on material in the two National Mollusc Collections in Israel i.e. that of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Tel Aviv University, and the scattered literature. This checklist was published together with a Dutch malacologist in 2000 (Dekker, H. & Orlin, Z.: Check-list of Red Sea Mollusca. Spirula, 47 (Suppl.): 46 p.). Other short papers and book reviews were published in malacological and conchological journals like Triton (Israel), the Strandloper (South Africa), American Conchologist (U.S.A.) and Poirieria (New Zealand). In a rather short time he managed to assemble a large worldwide shell collection consisting of close to 10.000 samples. This collection was donated to the Tel Aviv University in 2008. His interest has now turned to fossil collecting. Lunulicardia orlini Mienis, 2009, a bivalve from the Red Sea, was named in his honour. (The author himself, Curator Henk K. Mienis, Tel Aviv & Jerusalem Univ., kindly provided this information).

The French sporozoan researcher René Ormieres, 1927-81, is the person honoured in the copepod name Paralaophonte ormieresi Raibaut, 1968. (His son Frédéric kindly informed that Dr. Richard E. Clopton, Division of Science & Technology, Peru State College, Peru, Nebraska 68421, USA. (Telephone: 402/872-2284; mail: rclopton@pscosf.peru.edu) was provided with a lot of his father's scientific material a couple of years ago and thus has much biographical material on Ormieres).

Orr : (see Marshall, Sheina).

Lacking information about Orr in the crab name Eriosachila orri Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2000, which is a replacemant name for Zanthopsis rathbunae Kooser & Orr 1973, non E. rathbunae Maury, 1930.

Muricopsis orri Cernohorsky, 1976 (now attributed to the genus Attiliosa) has been named for Mr. John Orr, 19??-, at that time English vice-consul in HongKong, who had collected the species in Thailand several years prior to description. Reference: Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, vol. 13 (1976): 116, figs. 12-20; type locality: South Andaman Ids., Indian Ocean, in 55 metres). Conus orri Da Motta, 1982 is as well named for a Mr. John Orr, 19??-, who discovered the holotype - probably the same person. (Dr. Hans Turner, Casa La Conchiglia, Rovia, Switzerland, kindly provided this information).

The gastropod name Strombus urceus orrae Abbott, 1960 is a tribute to the malacologist Virginia Orr Maes, 1920-86 : (see Maes). (Winston Barney, Forth Worth, Texas kindly confirmed that Virginia Orr is the honoured person).

Lars Orrhage, 1930-, Swedish zoologist, who defended his thesis in Uppsala; later, he was working as a university teacher in his home city Göteborg (Gothenburg). Between 1975-81 he was professor of invertebrate zoology and director of that department at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (succeding Karling (q.v.) and preceeding Franzén (q.v.)) and later he became director of the Natural History Museum in Göteborg. He is a specialist on polychaetes, especially oral end innervation and keeps working with this after his retirement.

Francesco Orsini, 18??-1???, Lt. in the Italian Navy. Giesbrecht (q.v.) received a collection he had made in the Red Sea in 1884. Orsini had his name mainly associated with copepods [Crambionella orsini (Vanhöffen, 1888), Labidocera orsinii Giesbrecht, 1889].

Lacking information about Orsini in the gastropod name Hypselodoris orsinii (Vérany, 1846). (L’origine de ce nom n’a malheureusement pas été précisée par l‘auteur).

Crisilla orteai Templado & Rolan, 1993 was named for Jesús Ortea Rato, 19??-, Spanish malacologist, who achieved his PhD in 1977 at the Univ. of Oviedo [Haminoea orteai Talavera. Murillo & Templado, 1987, Trapania orteai Garcia-Gomez & Cervera in Cervera & Garcia-Gomez, 1989].

Lacking information about Ortiz in the polychaete name Syllis ortizi San Martin, 1992.

Arnold Edward Ortmann, (8 Apr. - Magdeburg) 1863-1927 (3 Jan.), Prussian zoologist and marine zoogeographer, disciple of Ernst Haeckel (q.v.) (Studied first in Kiel and Strassburg, but achieved his PhD in 1885 in Jena), who emigrated to USA in 1894 and became a naturalized citizen there in 1900. Worked as curator at Princeton University (until 1903), later at the Carnegie Institution and professor at Pittsburg University. He was a pioneer in seeng that different shapes, earlier considered to be different species, existed in several species - depending on the environment [Palaemon ortmanni, Menippe ortmanni De Man, 1899, Plesionika ortmanni ?, 19??].

James H. Orton, 1830-77, US curator at Vassar College, N.Y. and malacologist. Prof. James Herbert Orton 1884-1953, Univ. of Liverpool & Fellow of the Royal Society in Britain is a namesake.

Lacking information about Osaotaki in the bivalve name Asthenothaerus osaotakii Okutani, 1964.

Bob Osborn, 1946-98, Californian polychaete taxonomist.

Which Osborn is honoured in the amphipod name Polycheria osborni Calman, 1898? Maybe, most likely the US naturalist Henry Fairfield Osborn, (8 Aug. - Fairfield, Connecticut) 1857-1935 (6 Nov.), who published on a diversity of items, less likely the US entomologist Prof. Herbert Osborn, (19 Mar. - Lafayette, Wisconsin) 1856-1954 (20 Sep. - Columbus, Ohio), who is honoured in several insect names. Yet another Osborn candidate, Henry Lesley Osborn, 1857-1940, published on Abacia from the Woods Hole region during the last years of the 19:th and the first years of the next century.

Gordon Osborn, 1913-91, British Malaccologist.

Raymond Carroll Osburn, (4 Jan.) 1872-1955 (6 Aug.), was an American zoologist active from about 1910 to 1952. The recent bryozoans bearing his name include:Amphiblestrum osburni Powell, 1968, Conopeum osburni Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1995, Hemismittoidea osburni Soule & Soule, 1973, Plumatella repens osburni Rogick & Brown, 1942, Raymondcia osburni Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1995, Retevirgula osburni Soule, 1959, Trematooecia osburni Marcus, 1953. Additional fossil names include Osburnostylus. PhD in 1906 at Columbia Univ. Then working on Barnard College and later Connecticut College for Woman and between 1917-42 he was Prof. of Zoology and Entomology at Ohio State Univ. In 1918 Osburn also took over as summer director of the F.T. Stone Laboratory in Lake Erie after prof. Herbert Osborn (see above), when he retired after being its director since 1899, but Osburn did not arrive there until 1925, so it was meanwhile managed by the assistant director Prof. Frederick H. Krecker. This laboratory was started by Kellikott (q.v.) and named for Franz Theodore Stone, 1813-62, a Prussian born astronomer and mathemathician with interst in natural science of all kinds, likely aquired when he had assisted Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel and transformed his interest to his youngest son Julius Frederick Stone, 1855-1947, (Dr. Phil Bock kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Osche in the nematode name Diplolaimelloides oschei Meyl, 1954.

Dr. Steven O'Shea, 19??-, New Zealand (PhD in 1999 at the Univ. of Auckland) cephalopod researcher , who grew up in Onetangi Beach, Waiheke Island, Waitemata Harbour, Auckland, is honoured in the cirriped name Vulcanolepas osheai (Buckeridge, 2000). [Brucerolis osheai Storey & Poore, 2009, Calvetia osheai Taylor & Gordon, 2003, Awhiowhio osheai Kelly, 2007]

Mr. Toshiharu Oshikata, 19??-, father of Mr. Hirosuke Oshikata, president of Okinawa Shell Co. Ltd. [Calliostoma toshiharui Kosuge, 1997].

Lacking information about Oshima in the cephalopod names Loligo oshimai Sasaki, 1929 and Octopus oshimai (Sasaki, 1929) and in the porcelain crab name Neopetrolisthes oshimai Pardon, 1992, if not named after Oshima Village? Possibly, however, a tribute to Kokichi Oshima, 1???-19??, Japanese biologist, who i.a. worked at the Naples Zoological station.

Ingimar Óskarsson, (27 Nov.) 1892-1981 (2 May), Icelandic conchologist, who published "Skeldyrafána Íslands" 351 pp.

Dr. Klara van Osmael, 19??-, Zoological Institute, State University of Gent, provided the material of Thalassodrilus klarae (Erséus, 1987).

Lacking information about S.O. (or? S.U.) Osmanov, 1???-, publishing between at least 1940 until mid 1980s, in the myxozoan name Chloromyxum osmanovi Karataev, 1983.

Prof. Carl Emil Hansen Ostenfeld, 1873-1931, Danish botanist and plankton researcher [Ostenfeldiella, Alexandrium ostenfeldii (Paulsen) Balech & Tangen, 1985, Gymnodinium ostenfeldii Schiller 1928].

Ruth Ostheimer, 1???-1979, Field Associate, ANSP [Crenavolva ostheimerae Cate, 1973].

Lacking information about Ostroumov in the tanaid name Apseudopsis ostroumovi Bacescu & Carausu, 1947, in the isopod name Idotea ostroumovi Sowinsky, 1895 and in the amphipod name Gammaropsis ostroumowi Sowinski, 1898. Likely it may be A. Ostroumow, 18??-19??, who i.a. in 1896 published on the results of the "Selânik" expedition from St. Petersburg.

Ostroumova : (see Paltschikowa-Ostroumowa).

Olivella oteroi Bermejo, 1979 was named "in honor of our malacologist friend Don José Maria Hernández Otero, (12 Mar.) 1946-2008 (16 Nov.), pharmacist in Gáldar, Gran Canaria".

Lacking information about Otohime in the gastropod name Conus otohimeae T. Kuroda & K. Ito, 1961.

Lacking information about Otsua in the Lithodid name Paralomis otsuae Wilson 1990.

Prof. Dr. Joerg Ott, 1942-, Austrian nematodologist [Turbanella otti Schrom in Riedl 1970, Trileptium otti Jensen & Gerlach 1976, Astomonema otti Vidakovic & Boucher, 1987].

Prof. Adolph Wilhelm Otto, (3 Aug. - Greifswald) 1786-1845 (14 Jan.), Prof. of Human and Comparative Anatomy in Breslau, is honoured in the gastropod name Calliotropis ottoi (Philippi, 1844).

The Swedish Baron Fredrik Vilhelm von Otter, (11 Apr. - Fimmersta, Västergötland) 1833-1910 (9 Mar. - Karlskrona), was in British naval duty between 1857-60, taking part in the war against China, resulting in a medal for valour. Took part in several Swedish marine expeditions, e.g. with "Falk" in the Baltic and Kattegatt (1866), "Ingegerd" (q.v.) (1867), "Josephina" (q.v.) (1868), "Ingegerd" (& "Gladan") (q.v.) (1871), the corvette "Balder" in the North Sea & Atlantic (1873). He had become a navy captain in 1866 and in 1892 he advanced to become a vice admiral. Between 1874-80 he was Swedish minister of sea defence. Between 12 Sep. 1900-1902 5 July, he was prime minister in Sweden [Amphiura otteri Ljungman, 1872]. He is grand-grandfatrher of the Swedish opera singer Ann Sofie von Otter, 1955-,.

Eivind Oug, 1948-, Norwegian marine ecologist and polychaetologist, working with Oenonoidea and Dorvilleoidea [Ougia Wolf, 1986, Parougia Wolf, 1986].

Lacking information about J.M. Ouin in the platyhelminth name Pseudoceros ouini Newman & Cannon, 1994.

Lacking information about Oustromov in the actiniarian name Synhalcampella oustromovi Wyragéwitch, 1905.

Lacking information about Ouwens in the medusa name Catostylus ouwensi Moestafa & McConnaughey 1966.

Lacking information about Oven in the parasitic nematod name Philometroides oveni Parukhin, 1975.

Lacking information about Oven in the W African fish name Halosaurus ovenii Johnson, 1864.

Lacking information about Overdiep in the gastropod name Manzonia overdiepi van Aartsen, 1983.

Dr. Robin Miles Overstreet, (1 June) 1939-, parasitologist at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Department of Coastal Sciences, College of Marine Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, is honoured in the flatworm name Overstreetia Bray, 1985. (Joyce Shaw, librarian at the Gunter Library, kindly provided most of the information).

Prof. (later Sir) Richard Owen, (20 July) 1804-92 (18 Dec.), from Lancaster, studied medicine in Edinburgh, had a practice in London for some time, but spent his spare time with anatomical studies and after a while he was appointed amanuensis at the Hunterian Museum, eventually it's director. In 1860 he was appointed superintendent of the natural history department of the British Museum and organized its move to South Kensington. He was primarily a comparative anatomist - founder of the expressions homologies and analogies (and the word dinosaur) - and he i.a. discovered the trichina and the Venus's Flower Basket (Euplectella) and has been called "the last of the natural philosophers", a devoted defender of the view of the constance of species (and arch-enemy of Darwin's chief supporter T.H. Huxley - and also known for his long time antagonism with his colleauge Dr. J.E. Gray (q.v.) and as beeing a tory to the core and a rival concerning comparative anatomy, Owen of course was an enemy of the very radical Prof. Robert Grant (q.v.)) [Owenia Delle Chiaje, 1841, Galathowenia Kirkegaard, 1959, Teuthowenia Chun, 1910, Ourozeuktes owenii H. Milne Edwards, 1840, Donax owenii Gray, 1843, Bractechlamys oweni Gregorio, 1884, Pristiophorus owenii Günther, 1870]. He also was a palaeontologist, thus a colleague of the author of Sepietta oweniana (d'Orbigny,1839-41, in de Férussac & d'Orbigny), Alcide Charles Victor Dessalines d'Orbigny, (6 Sep. - Couéron, Loire-Atlantique) 1802-57 (30 June - Pierrefitte-sur-Seine), one of the disciples of Cuvier, who was sent out by the Paris Museum between 1826-33 on a collecting venture in South America; palaeontologist and zoologist, mainly foraminiferologist. He was born in dépt. Loire Inférieure, as the son of a physician and amateur naturalist, working in Coueron, later in La Rochelle. In La Rochelle d'Orbigny became acquainted with the marine fauna and decided to devote his life to natural history studies. He became a disciple of the geologist L.-A. Cordier, 1777-1861, in Paris before he entered his S American venture. He reported on parts of his S American collections himself, while other parts were written by other zoologists at the museum. In 1853 he was appointed professor of palaeontology at the museum. d'Orbigny, had thus lived among the native people in South America and became a spokesman for their emancipation from the white "dictators" [Nerocila orbignyi (Guérin, 1832), Alcidia Bourguignat, 1889, Ampullaria dorbignyana Philippi, 1851, Pinna dorbignyi Hanely, 1858, Fissurina orbignyana Seguenza, 1862, Immergentia orbignyana Fischer, 1866, Alvania dorbognyi Audouin, 1826, Pollia dorbignyi Payraudeau, 1826, Sepia orbignyana de Férussac, in d'Orbigny, 1826, Fossarus orbignyi Fischer, 1864, Lima orbignyi Lamy, 1930, Haminaea orbignyana (de Férussac, 1822), Trophon orbignyi Carcelles, 1946, Conus orbignyi J.- V. Audouin, 1831, Pollia dorbignyi (Payraudeau, 1826), Rissoina dorbignyi A. Adams, 1853, Platyxanthus orbignyi (Milne Edwards & Lucas, 1843)]. His brother, Charles Dessalines d'Orbigny, 1806-76, contributed in the Dict. universel d'Hist. Nat.

The cowry name Bistolida owenii (G.B. Sowerby, 1837) is in honour of Hugh Owen, British shell collector. If he is identical with Sir Hugh Owen, (14 Jan. - Anglesey) 1804-81 (20 Nov. - Mentone, France), the educationist, who was a great collector of e.g. books, is not known to the compiler of this list.

Lacking information about Owen in the gastropod name Triphora oweni F. Baker, 1926.

Lacking information about Owen in the cestodan name Echinocotyle oweni (Moghe, 1933).

Prof. Harding Boehme Owre, neé Michel (Louisville, KY) 1924-2002 (Aug.), Florida (Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science) marine zoologist, who worked on copepods (published i.a. "Copepods of the Florida Current") chaetognaths, etc., and together with Frederick M. Bayer (q.v.), she published invertebrate textbooks like "The invertebrates: a new synthesis". During her later life she often again used her maiden name Michel in her publications. The ostracod name Bathyconchoecia hardingae Deevey, 1975 is honouring her according to kind information from Dr. Gareth C.H. Harding at the Bedford Institute in Halifax, who also provided the obituary.

The Goblin shark name Mitsukurina owstoni Jordan, 1898, another shark name Centroscymnus owstoni ?,1???, the sipunculan name Golfingia owstoni (Ikeda, 1904) and the echiuroid name Thalassema owstoni Ikeda, 1904 are named for Alan Owston, 1853-1915, British merchant and collector of natural history objects based in Japan (where he i.a. cooperated with Ijima (q.v.) on glass sponges) and later in northern Vietnam. He even himself employed collectors to bring him interesting objects.

The Polish zoologist Mieczyslaw Oxner, (25 Dec. - Ruda Guzowska (Zyrardow), Warsaw department, Blonie district, Poland) 1879-1944 (5 July - Auschwitz), was the son of a jewish father and a protestantic mother. He studied in Warsaw until spring 1899, after which he moved to Berlin for further studies, but later moved on to Zürich, where he finished his dissertation to become a doctor in 1905, directed by prof. Arnold Lang (q.v.). In 1905 and 1906 he visited the zoological laboratory at Sorbonne led by prof. Yves Delage (q.v.) and marine laboratories in France (Roscoff & Villefranche-sur-Mer), where he became interested in nemerteans and published from this time on more than 20 articles about such creatures, either alone or together with a Polish colleague. In 1907 he began working at the Musée océanographique in Monaco and became an assistant under Jules Richard (q.v.) in 1910. In 1912 he visited marine laboratories in Germany, Denmark, Norway and Sweden. The wife of his first marriage, Alice Greer, had a career as an opera singer under the name Patricia Oxner, and she was honoured by her husband in the nemertean name Oerstaedia patriciae Oxner, 1907. In 1920 he very accurately described in detail the method to be used for chlorinity determination. Together with Sirvent (q.v.) he became "soux-directeure de la laboratoire" in 1928. In January 1943 he was arrested by Italian troups and brought to Rome, but was released in April. However, the night between April 30 and May 1 1944 German troups arrested him again in Monaco. Sadly he ended his days in the nazi concentration camp Auschwitz. [Floriceps oxneri Guiart, 1938, Hymedesmia oxneri Topsent, 1928]. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided some of this information, but Dr. Jacqueline Carpine-Lancre, Beausolei, France, kindly sent her "Un rapport inedit de Mieczyslaw Oxner: voyage d'etudes en Allemagne et en Scandinavie (1912). Organon 34 : 2005, pp. 119-180", from which much of the information above is taken and by email also sent some information, e.g. about Oxner's first wife).

Lacking information about Oyama in the gastropod name Tutufa oyamai Habe, 1973 and in the bivalve names Leptaxinus oyamai T. Habe, 1962 & Modiolus oyamai T. Habe, 1981.

Prof. Paul Hermann Gustav van Oye, 1886-1966, Belgian hydrobiologist and specialist on protozoans, rotifers, flatworms, and freshwater algae [Desmoscolex vanoyei de Coninck, 1943]. (Dr. David Damkaer kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Ozaki, 1???-19??, who described the preoccupied Umagillid name Xenometra Ozaki, 1932 in J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ., Zool., which later was changed to Ozametra Marcus, 1949 [Minabea ozakii Utinomi, 1957]. Likely the same person may be honoured in the octocoral name Minabea ozakii Utinomi, 1957.

Lacking information about Ozawa in the scaphopod name Siphonodentalium ozawai Yokoyama and in the bivalve name Thyasira ozawai Yokoyama, 1926.

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